Use of line-scan Raman hyperspectral imaging to identify corn kernels infected with Aspergillus flavus

The potential of line-scan Raman hyperspectral imaging system equipped with a 785 nm line laser was examined for discrimination uninfected control, AF36-inoculated and AF13-inoculated corn kernels in this study. AF13 AF36 strains were used as representatives the aflatoxigenic non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus fungi. A total 300 3 treatments, namely, 100 inoculated fungus, sterile distilled water control. incubated at 30 °C 8 days, dried surface wiped to remove exterior signs mold. imaged on both endosperm germ sides over wavenumber range 103–2831 cm−1. mean spectrum extracted from image each kernel, preprocessed adaptive iteratively reweighted penalized least squares, Savitzky-Golay smoothing min-max normalization. Based upon group spectra, 36 51 local peaks identified side embryo area side, respectively. With spectral variables peak locations inputs discriminant models, 3-class principal component analysis-linear analysis models ran 50 random times, achieved overall prediction accuracies 89.47% 75.55% using data, corresponding standard deviations 3.48% 4.34%. results demonstrate usefulness technology differentiating control infected